01 na 03
Mene ne Tsarin Tutawa na Tomato?
Ƙidodi mai mahimmanci a cikin farkon spots na blight bayyane ba tare da ruwan tabarau na hannu ba. Hotuna: Jami'ar Clemson - Harkokin Harkokin Kasuwanci na Aikin Gida na USDA, Bugwood.org Bugawa ta farko shine cututtukan tumatir ne na yau da kullum wanda aka samu ta hanyar naman gwari. Zai iya rinjayar kusan dukkanin sassa na tumatir, ciki har da ganye, mai tushe, da 'ya'yan itatuwa. Tsire-tsire bazai mutu ba, amma za a raunana kuma za su sa tumatir kaɗan maimakon al'ada. Tsuntsayewa na farko suna tayar da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire, amma kuma yana iya faruwa akan seedlings. Tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ko tsire-tsire a cikin lafiyar marasa lafiyar sun fi dacewa. Blight farko shine matsala tare da dankali.
Rashin kutsawa na farko shine wata wahala mai wuya don magance shi, amma kada ka rikita shi da damuwa mafi yawan matsala wanda zai iya kashe tumatir da sauri kuma ya yada miliyon.
Abin da ke haifar da haske
Gwanin tsuntsaye na farko zai iya samuwa daga asali masu yawa. Zai iya zama a cikin ƙasa, zai iya kasancewa a kan tsaba ko seedlings da kuke saya, yana iya wuce-hunturu a cikin cututtukan cututtuka na tumatir tumatir kuma zai iya ci gaba a cikin ƙasa ko tarkace na akalla shekara 1. Kodayake biki zai iya faruwa a kowane irin yanayin, yana jin dadin yanayi mai laushi, kamar ruwan sama mai yawa ko ma damuwar nauyi. Ci gaba da karantawa don ƙarin hotuna da kuma kwatancin farkon bayyanar cututtuka.
02 na 03
Kwayoyin cututtuka na Farko Bugawa a kan Tumatir
Abun da ke kan waɗannan mai tushe sun riga sun fara haɓakawa kuma suna kewaye da mai tushe. Hotuna: Robert Wick, Jami'ar Massachusetts, Bugwood.org Bugawa na farko yana rikicewa tare da Septoria leaf spot . Dukansu suna samar da siffofi a kan ganyayyaki, wanda ya juya launin rawaya kuma ya mutu, amma Septoria kuma yana samar da jikin da ke da jiki wanda yayi kama da ƙananan filaments da ke fitowa daga spots.
A kan Tsakanin Tsofaffi: Rigun da ke cikin duhu tare da raguwa mai mahimmanci a kan tsofaffin ganye a farkon. Yankin da ke kewaye yana iya juya launin rawaya. Ƙananan ganye za su iya mutuwa ba tare da wanzuwa ba, suna yada 'ya'yan itatuwa zuwa rana.
Dark raunuka a kan mai tushe fara tashi karamin kuma dan kadan sunken. Yayin da suke girma, sai su farawa kuma za ku fara ganin abubuwan da suka fi mayar da hankali irin su spots on leaves. Hanyoyin da ke samarwa a kusa da matakin ƙasa na iya haifar da wasu gwanon da suka kasance a cikin kora. Tsire-tsire na iya tsira, amma ba za suyi wadata ba ko samar da tumatur da yawa.
A kan 'ya'yan' ya'yan tumatir: Idan dusar ƙanƙara ta samo a kan 'ya'yan itatuwa, spots za su fara a ƙarshen ƙarshen, ta zama duhu, fata, wuri mai tsabta tare da raguwa. Dukkanin koren da cikakke tumatir za'a iya shafa.
A kan Seedlings: shafi seedlings za su yi duhu aibobi a kan ganye da kuma mai tushe. Hakanan suna iya haifar da cutar a kan takalmin cotyledon. Mai tushe sau da yawa iska a girdled.
Bugawa na farko yana da wuya a yakin, amma akwai wasu hanyoyi don sarrafa shi har ma da wasu tsire-tsire irin tumatir, kamar yadda aka bayyana a shafi na gaba.
03 na 03
Gudanarwa da Gudanar da Harshen Tumatir
Abun da suke samarwa a kan tumatir suna sanya su inedible kuma shafi shuke-shuke zai samar da 'ya'yan itatuwa kaɗan. Hotuna: Yuan-Min Shen, Taichung Gidan Harkokin Noma da Harkokin Noma, Bugwood.org An jera a kasan shafin shine nau'in tumatir da ke ba da juriya a farkon blight, ko da yake babu wanda ke da shi. Har yanzu kuna buƙatar bin sauran shawara. Bugawa ta farko shine matsala ta musamman tare da tsire-tsire tumatir kuma baza ku iya gujewa gaba ɗaya ba, amma waɗannan matakan zasu iya taimaka maka ku riƙe shi a karkashin iko.
- Seed Seed - Ziyar da tsaba da kuma seedlings daga wuraren da aka ambata da kuma duba dukkan tsire-tsire kafin saka su cikin lambun ku.
- Tsarin Air - Samar da yawan sarari ga tsire-tsire. Kyakkyawan iska zai iya taimakawa tsire-tsire bushe.
- Organic Fungicides - Kula da tsire-tsire a kan tsire-tsire, musamman a lokacin tsabtawar yanayi ko kuma idan an kara tsire-tsire. Idan ka ga alamun bam a kan wani shuka, cire shuka shine mafi kyawun zaɓi. Magunguna da / ko sulfur sprays da Serenade® mai kashe kansa zai iya jinkirta ko hana ci gaba da naman gwari a kan sauran tsire-tsire.
- Garden Sanitation - Tun da farkon blight iya over-hunturu a kan dashi shuka da kuma a cikin ƙasa, sanitation yana da muhimmanci. Yawancin cututtuka na tumatir zasu iya shiga gonarka a wannan hanya, wauta ne don kada a tsaftace dukkan sauran tsire-tsire a ƙarshen kakar wasa.
- Gyara Tsire-tsire - Idan kana da fashewa da wuri, sai ka sami wani wuri don shuka tumatir a shekara mai zuwa, koda kuwa yana cikin kwantena.
Kayan tumatir da wasu tsayayyar zuwa Blight
Aunt Ginny's Purple - Heirloom, indeterminate, beefsteak (16 oz.)
Big Rainbow - Heirloom, indeterminate, bi-launi beefsteak (16 oz.)
Black Plum - Heirloom, indeterminate, plum (2 cikin.)
Juliet - Hybrid, indeterminate, ceri (1 ozaji)
Legend - Bude-pollinated, kayyade, beefsteak (14-16 ounces)
Manyel - Heirloom, indeterminate, rawaya duniya (8-10 ozaji)
Matt ta Wild Cherry - Heirloom, indeterminate, ceri (1/2 inch)
Ƙungiyar Kasa - Taimako, ƙayyade, duniya (6-8 oz.)
Mountain Fresh Plus - Darasin, kayyade, duniya (12 ociji)
Tsohon Brooks - Heirloom, indeterminate, duniya (6-8 ozaji)
Tigrella (aka Mr. Stripey) - Heirloom, indeterminate, duniya (4-6 oz.)
Tommy Toe - Heirloom, indeterminate, ceri (1 inch)Karanta game da matsalolin tumatir:
Sources:
- Sanin cututtuka na kayan lambu, da MacNab, Sherf da Springer, Penn State, 1983
- Tumatir Dirt