Gano da Sarrafa Fusarium Wilt
Fusarium za (foo-zair-ee-um) ya haifar da naman gwari Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lycopersici. Za a sami Fusarium a dukan duniya kuma har ma da tsire-tsire tumatir za a iya shafawa. Naman gwari yana da ƙasa kuma ya sa hanyar shiga cikin shuka ta wurin asalin. Da zarar cikin ciki, sai ta katse kuma ta kwashe xylem, dabbar da ke motsa ruwa da wasu na gina jiki ta wurin shuka, da hana ruwa daga tafiya sama da tushe kuma fita cikin rassan da ganye.
Zai yiwu ba ku kashe tumatir tumatir ba, amma ba zasu zama masu amfani ba.
Dabbobi na Fusarium zasu iya shawo kan wasu tsire-tsire ciki har da: dankali, barkono, eggplants, legumes da ayaba.
Kwayoyin cututtuka na Verticillium za ku iya kama da Fusarium.
Mene ne Yake Fusarium Wilt?
Fusarium zai zama pathogen ƙasa kuma zai iya zama a cikin ƙasa mai fama da shekaru. Har ila yau za'a iya ɗaukar shi kuma ana daukar shi cikin hanyoyi masu yawa, kamar:
- iri iri
- seedlings daga kamuwa da ƙasa
- kasan takalma
- harsuna da kayan aiki da aka yi amfani da su a cikin ƙasa
- kamuwa da ƙwayar ƙasa a cikin gonar
Yanayi masu kyau ga Fusarium zasu hada da dumi, busassun yanayi da pH acidic (5.0 - 5.6)
Akwai nau'in tumatir da suke da tsayayya ga fusarium, amma idan sun raunana ta hanyar maganin nematode, sun zama mafi saukin kamuwa da ita.
Tsire-tsire masu kamuwa da Fusarium za ku kasance masu tsattsawa kuma a baya su kamuwa da su, su kara tsanantawa.
Ci gaba da karantawa don karin hotuna da kuma kwatancin alamun Fusarium Wilt da kuma yadda za'a sarrafa shi.
Hanyoyin cututtuka na Fusarium Wilt on Tumatir
Fusarium zai iya yin rikicewa da wasu wilts wani lokacin, amma a nan akwai wasu alamu don taimaka maka gano shi a tumatir:- Wilting A tsire-tsire za su zahiri so. Sau da yawa yana fara ne tare da launi ɗaya ko harbe, a kusa da saman shuka. Zai warke da dare, lokacin da yanayin zafi ya fi sanyi, amma yayin da yake cigaba, dukan shuka zai so kuma baya farkawa. Watering baiyi bambanci ba.
- Yellowing Lower ganye zai juya rawaya, sau da yawa fara a daya gefe. Kamar yadda wilting yake, launin rawaya zai motsa tsire-tsire.
- Cire da ƙananan ganye za su bushe kuma su fadi.
- Tsarin da aka gano Idan ka yanke bude sautin tsinkayyarwa zaka ga launin launin ruwan kasa mai duhu.
Gudanar da Gudanar da Fusarium Wilt of Tomatoes
Babu magani don Fusarium kuma tun da yake yana cigaba a cikin ƙasa har tsawon shekaru, yana da wuya a kawar da ita. Ga wasu matakan da za su taimake ka ka sarrafa shi.- Maganganu masu ƙarfi - Idan kun kasance da matsaloli tare da Fusarium za ku zama masu hikima don tsayawa da iri iri. Buga-tsaba da kuma yawancin seedlings za a labeled tare da juriya zuwa cututtuka daban-daban. Zaka kuma iya tuntuɓar labaran iri don zabi.
- Sileile Potting - Idan kana farawa seedlings naka, fara da mixer potting Mix .
- Raga Dutsen SH - Yi amfani da lemun tsami a cikin gona a lambun ka, don kawo pH zuwa cikin tsaka-tsaki na kimanin 6.5 - 7.0.
- Nematodes masu sarrafawa - Tun da tushen kwayoyin halitta zasu iya rage juriya ga Fusarium, kada ka bari yawancin nematode ya gina cikin ƙasa.
- Kada ku ci gaba - Ku guje wa tushen tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire ta hanyar yin amfani da fartanya ko manoma a cikin itatuwan tumatir . Tushen lalacewa sune wuraren shigarwa don pathogen.
- Kayayyakin Kayayyakin Abinci - Tsaftace duk kayan aikin da zai iya haɗuwa da kamuwa da ƙwayar cuta kuma ya zama al'ada don tsaftacewa da tsabtace kayan aikin kayan lambu naka.
- Gyara Tsire-tsirenku - Tun da pathogen na iya jure a cikin ƙasa har tsawon shekaru , dole ne ku sami wani wuri don shuka tumatirku. Ana bada shawarar yin juyawa zuwa shekaru 5 zuwa 7, amma wannan ba ya tabbatar da cewa duk wani abu ba zai wuce ba.
Karanta game da matsalolin tumatir:
Blight farko
Late Blight
Spotoria Leaf Spot
Sources:
Shafin Bayanan AVRDC
UC Pest Management Online