01 na 06
Babban Sunan: Eames
Gidan rubutu da komawa, c. 1954, da kuma kujera na gefen, c. 1958. Photo kyautar Sothebys.com Ga wadanda kawai suka fara gano dakin karni na zamani Gidan kayan gida na yau , Eames shine asalin yanayin tashi. Sunan Eames, a gaskiya, ya zama kusan bambance-bambance tare da karni na karni na zamani kamar abubuwa waɗanda ba a sanya alamar mai yin amfani da ita ba an rubuta shi "Tarihin zamanin" don kulawa.
Sakamakon zamani wanda ya samo tushe a cikin shekarun 1940 kuma ya fadada a cikin shekarun 1950, '60s,' kuma farkon 70s a Amurka yayi la'akari da sabon tsarin Bauhaus wanda ya samo asali a Jamus shekaru da dama da suka gabata, a daidai lokacin da Art Deco ya tashi. Masu zane kamar Charles da Ray Eames sun gina su a kan wannan al'ada na zamani tare da kyawawan kayan kayan da aka sanya su na hawan katako, da kuma wajan filayen da aka sanya don su dace da jikin jikin. Zane-zanensu ana daukar su a matsayin tsofaffi daga magoya bayan zamani.
Kamar ɗakin ofishin da aka nuna a nan, da yawa daga cikin kayan da aka kirkire shi ne Herman Miller, wani suna da aka tsara a cikin zane na karni na tsakiya.
02 na 06
Harry Bertoia
Chairs na Chairs wanda Harry Bertoia ya shirya don Knoll International, c. 1950s. Hotuna kyauta na Morphy Auctions Sculptures by Harry Bertoia (1915-1978) ana neman su ne daga zamani na aficionados. An san shi sosai game da "fasahar sauti" tare da kayan aikin kyauta da siffofin daji da aka yi da karfe na welded. Wasu suna yin amfani da manyan maɓuɓɓuka, ko dai dai ko madaidaiciya, sun haɗa da matsayi don samar da kayan aikin yau da kullum waɗanda zasu iya sayar da su cikin lambobi shida.
A cikin kayan kwalliya, ayyukan Bertoia na Knoll sun kasance a kan taswirar masu tarawa don dan lokaci. "A shekarar 1950, Hans Knoll, daya daga cikin manyan masana'antun kayan ado na zamani a Amurka, ya umarci mawallafi na Amurka da masanin fasahar Harry Bertoia da su tsara zane da dama," in ji marubucin marubucin Marvin D. Schwartz a cikin Amirka: Tables, Chairs, Sofas & Gida. "Abubuwan da Bertoia suka tsara sun keta kariya a tsakanin kayan ado da kayan aiki ... kayansa sun daidaita tsakanin sassaka da kayan aiki."
Kasashen "Diamond Chairs" Bertoia, kamar yadda aka nuna a nan, suna da tushe na ƙarfe mai laushi (wanda za'a iya gani daga baya) tare da murfin kayan. Akwai nau'o'i daban-daban na sassaƙaƙƙun kayan zane-zanen sassa daban-daban waɗanda aka kaddamar da su a cikin Bertoia Collection for Knoll. Kamar yadda yawancin Knoll suka tsara daga 'yan shekarun 50s, wadannan wajenta sun kasance a cikin dogon lokaci. An yi amfani da takardu na Knoll Associates a cikin shekarar 1969, saboda haka ana nuna alamun Knoll International a lokacin da har yanzu suna da alamun.
03 na 06
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe
Biyu daga Ludwig Mies Van Der Rohe Ka ba da gadon sarauta tare da matsakaicin matsayi na Knoll Associates, c. 1970s. Hotunan hoto na Rago Arts da Cibiyar Kasuwanci An san jami'in kuma mai zane Ludwig Mies Van Der Rohe (1886-1969) ya ce "Ba na so in zama mai ban sha'awa, ina son zama mai kyau." Ana buƙatar ko ba, baya ga kyakkyawar kyakkyawan zane, aikinsa yana daga cikin mafi ban sha'awa da kyawawa ga magoya bayan kayan ado na yau. Ya yi aiki a matsayin darekta na Bauhaus, wani ɗakin makaranta na musamman don nazarin zane-zanen zamani da zane, daga 1930 zuwa 1933 lokacin da aka rufe shi a lokacin da ake kira umurnin Nazi. Ya yi gudun hijira zuwa {asar Amirka a farkon shekarun 1930, inda ya ci gaba da tasiri ga gine-gine.
Kamar Bertoia, magunguna na Mies sun hada da Knoll Associates. Wannan samarwa ya samar da kayayyaki masu yawa, da yin amfani da fasahar sararin samaniya na gine-ginensa, wanda ke da nasarorin da aka dakatar da shi a sama da iska. Wannan gaskiya ne a kan kujerun tuƙan Tugendhat da aka nuna a nan tare da wasu daga cikin kujerunsa wadanda suka fito daga Bauhaus. Wadannan sassan sunyi koyi tun lokacin da aka gabatar da su.
Yawan shahararrun sanannensa shine, babban kujerar Barcelona. An kafa wannan wurin zama na hutawa don asalin duniya na 1929 da aka gudanar a Barcelona, Spain. Knoll International (sunan kamfanin tun 1969) har yanzu yana samar da "karami ya fi" Barcelona a yau.
04 na 06
Marcel Breuer
Wassily kujerar da Marcel Breuer ya kirkiro ta hanyar Standard-Möbel, c. 1927. Hotuna daga Sotheby's Marcel Breuer, kamar Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, ya tsara ɗakunan shaguna masu yawa na Bauhaus a Jamus. Yawancin wa] annan kujerun da aka yi amfani da su, sun yi wa kujerun ku] a] ensu, kuma an buga su ne a {asar Amirka da Turai a cikin shekarun 1920 da 30s. Ga masu mahimmancin zamani na zamani, wadanda suka fi dacewa da jin dadi suna fifita su akan mafi yawan taro da aka haifar da bambancin.
Babbar sanannen shahararrun Breuer, Wassily kujera, ya zo ne a lokacin da yake zaman kansa a matsayin shugaban taron bitar yayin da yake a Bauhaus. Misali na farko na wannan mummunan bambanci na kujerar kulob din gargajiya an yi a cikin shekarun 1920, kuma an kira shi ne kawai Model B3. Ya zo a cikin layi biyu da jigilar hanyoyi tare da yatsun da aka haɗe da karfe kamar yadda aka yi amfani dasu a asibiti. Wadannan sautunan farko sune misalai masu mahimmanci a idon masu tarawa. Bayan yakin duniya na biyu, aka samar da Wassily tare da filaye da aka saba da shi, kodayake masana'anta suna samuwa.
By 1968 Knoll ya saya Breuer catalog kuma ya fara samar da kayayyaki, da yawa daga cikinsu har yanzu akwai a yau. Wannan ya hada da kujerun Wassily a yawancin bambancin launin launin fata, kwarjin kwarjini ta Cesca a cikin sigogi tare da ba tare da makamai ba, da kuma kyancin Laccio da kuma launi na karshen.
05 na 06
Arne Jacobsen
Kwanan nan na Arne Jacobsen Egg Chairs da kuma matakan kafa matsala tare da Fritz Hansen lakabi. Hotunan hoto na Palm Beach Modern Auctions Wani mashahurin mai zane a cikin karni na tsakiya yana da Arne Jacobsen (1902-1971). Wannan hangen nesa Danish ya jawo hankali daga burbushin zamani na Charles da Ray Eames kuma ya hada kai tare da wasu masu zane-zane don ƙirƙirar kayan aiki don yawan gine-gine da ya tsara.
Alal misali, Jacobsen yayi la'akari da cikakken bayani na SAS Royal Hotel a Copenhagen, Danmark. Daya daga cikin kayan kayan dakin din din din shi ne Sautin Egg tare da matashin kafa wanda aka tsara a shekara ta 1958. Wannan haɗin gwal din yana daya daga cikin shahararrun sanannun sanannensa, kuma daya daga cikin shahararrun masu sha'awar kayan zamani. Har yanzu an samar da shi a yau, a gaskiya.
Har ila yau, ya haifa da shugaban kujera da Swan, tare da wasu kayayyaki masu ban sha'awa da suka hada da kayan ado, kayan shayarwa, da kuma sabis na shayi. Dukkan wadannan ayyuka ne na musamman ban da kasancewa mai ban sha'awa don nunawa, kuma mai mahimmanci ga masu tarawa a yau.
06 na 06
Bulus Evans
Paul Evans cin abinci cin abinci tare da Philip Lloyd Powell, wanda aka ba shi izini, c. 1964. Hotuna na Sotheby's An kirkiro kayayyaki na Bulus Evans (1931-1987) a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata daga masu goyon baya na zamani, kuma dabi'u sun tashi bisa ga yadda ya kamata. Ya kirkiro wani zane na kasuwanci tare da Philip Lloyd Powell a cikin shekarun 1950, har ma kamfanin kamfanin North Carolina, Directional Furniture, a cikin shekarun 1960. A cikin shekarun 70s ya koma gida a Pennsylvania inda yake amfani da ma'aikata fiye da 85 wadanda suka taimaka wajen nuna wasan kwaikwayo na New York tare da zane-zane.
Evans 'kayan kayan aiki sune aka sani da amfani da karafan mota da tagulla, bakin karfe, da jan karfe tare da tasiri mai karfi Brutalism. Yaransa sun kunshi nau'i na nau'i na karfe ko na itace, wani lokacin sukan kawo nau'o'in yanayin jiki kamar suna girma daga bene, kuma wasu sun kasance tare da gilashi. Kwancensa suna da nauyi da yawa, tare da gaba ɗaya sun rabu a jerin jerin murabba'i waɗanda aka yi wa ado, ko kuma mai haske da kuma kusurwar da ke da nau'i mai nau'i.
Yawancin Evans guda guda ne aka ba da umurni ta hannun abokan ciniki ta wurin zane-zane. Wadannan suna da yawa suna riƙe da su ne, kuma dukiyarsu sun rubuta littafin tabbatar da su kamar aikin Evans lokacin da suke sayarwa. Yawancin waɗannan nau'un suna alama da alamar "PE" ko "Paul Evans" da aka buga da kwanakin lambobi biyu a matsayin ɓangare na alamar.