Icterus bala
An kira shi don gashin makamai na Ubangiji Baltimore a cikin karni na 17, da Baltimore oriole shine marabaccen biki a cikin gida da dama. Da zarar an hade tare da takwaransa na yammacin su kamar jinsuna daya, kogin arewacin, kogin Baltimore a yau an san shi a matsayin jinsin jinsuna kuma shine tsuntsaye na Maryland.
Common Name: Baltimore Oriole, Northern Oriole
Sunan Kimiyya: Icterus ƙusa
Gidan Kimiyya: Icteridae
Bayyanar:
- Bill : Daidai, mai nuna hankali, mai launin shuɗi, yana iya bayyana azurfa ko fari a hasken haske
- Girman : 7.5-8.5 inci tsawo tare da 12-inch wingspan, zagaye kai
- Launuka : Black, orange, yellow, white, olive-brown
- Alamomi : Dabbobin dimorphic . Maza suna da hotunan baki, baya da wuya a kan takaddun rawaya-orange-orange da rumbun . Hanyoyin launin ruwan launin launin launin launin launuka sun haɗu a kan kafada a cikin wani wuri mai tsayi a kan fuka-fukan baƙar fata Wings yana da farin barren da gashin gashin fuka. Wutsiyar fata ba ta da launin rawaya ko orange a ƙasa. Maimakon baƙar fata, mata suna nuna launin zaitun mai launin man zaitun da karin motsi. Ma'aurata zasu iya samun haske mai launin launin launin fata inda maza suna nuna orange, kuma mata suna da furanni guda biyu . Yayinda shekarunsu ke da shekaru, launin su ya zama duhu, amma ba su nuna bambanci a matsayin maza ba. Domin duka biyu, idanu baƙi ne kuma kafafu da ƙafafunsu baƙi ne.
Yara mata suna kama da mace masu girma, kuma samari zasu bayyana kamar yadda suke girma a cikin jimaginsu lokacin da suke da shekaru daya.
Dabbobi ne monotypic.
Abinci: kwayoyin, berries, 'ya'yan itace, caterpillars, spiders, nectar ( Dubi: Frugivorous )
Har ila yau duba Ciyar da Orioles don ƙarin bayani.
Haɗuwa da ƙaura:
Baltimore orioles sune tsuntsaye masu ban sha'awa da tsuntsaye masu rani a cikin gandun daji da dama da kuma gandun daji a gabashin Amurka da kuma wuraren shakatawa, wuraren lambu da ɗakunan gida.
Ana ci gaba da kai har zuwa yammaci kamar Great Plains da gabashin Dakotas, Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma da Texas, da kuma rabin kudancin lardin Kanada. A cikin fall da hunturu, Baltimore orioles yi ƙaura zuwa tsakiyar da kuma ta Kudu Amurka. Yankunan da aka rage suna cin nasara a Florida, a gefen kudu maso gabashin Amurka da kuma Gulf Coast na Mexico.
Gudanarwa:
Baltimore orioles suna da nau'i-nau'i biyu masu rarrabe ba tare da jinkirta jinkirin ba, yayin da gudun na waƙa zai iya canza yayin kira daya. Sauran kira sun hada da babban kwakwalwan kwamfuta da chirps da kuma raƙuman raƙumi.
Zama:
Wadannan orioles na iya zama masu jin kunya, tsuntsaye masu wanzuwa ga mafi yawan shekarun, duk da cewa bayan da aka haɗu kakar zasu iya fitowa a cikin nau'i-nau'i ko ƙananan garkuwoyi, musamman ma yayin da suke bazara a cikin fall da hunturu. Suna ciyar da shrubs, bushes da bishiyoyi, farauta don kwari ko ɗauka ta hanyar furanni. A cikin bayan gida, sun fi son tashar abinci daga wurare mafi ƙasƙanci, mafi dacewa a wani wuri mai shade kusa da tsari mai kyau.
Sake bugun:
Tsuntsayen Baltimore sune tsuntsaye guda daya wadanda suke tare da juna bayan lokuta na kisa da yawa da suka hada da wutsiya da fuka-fuka suna nunawa da kuma yin sujada don nuna launukan launuka.
Saurare fuska yana zama wani ɓangare na waɗannan nuni. Ƙijin yana da kwalliya mai laushi wanda aka sare daga filaye na bakin ciki, da naman fata, da yarn, kirtani da gashi, kuma aka yi musu da ciyawa ko ulu. Mace na gina gida, kuma an sa shi matsayi 25-35 a bisa ƙasa, ko da yake wasu za'a iya samuwa mafi girma. Kusan duk wuraren naman Baltimore koiole suna samuwa a cikin bishiyoyi masu tsire-tsire.
Wata mataye biyu zasu haifar da wani nau'i na 3-7 mai launin fata, launin toka-fari ko kullun launin shudi a kowace shekara. Gwain suna nuna launin fata-launin fata-launin ruwan kasa ko squiggles a babban karshen. Kwayar mace za ta buɗa qwai don kwanaki 12-14. Duk iyaye biyu suna ciyar da matasa masu girma don karin kwanaki 12-14 har sai tsuntsaye masu barin tsuntsaye zasu iya barin gida.
Inda kewayon Baltimore oriole ya rufe jikinsa na Bullock, shudewa da samfurori ne na kowa.
Wadannan tsuntsaye suna amfani da su a wasu lokuta zuwa ƙwayoyin zuma masu launin launin ruwan kasa , amma yawanci suna iya gane kwai da ba'a so ba kuma suna cire shi daga gidansu.
Ziyar da Baltimore Orioles:
Ko da yake jin kunya, Baltimore orioles za su sauko zuwa ɗakunan ajiya waɗanda ke samar da abincin da suka fi so, ciki har da jelly , ruwan 'ya'yan halts, nectar da suet . Ya kamata yan Birders su guje wa maganin magungunan kashe qwari wanda zai iya kawar da kwari a matsayin tushen abincin, da gashi na rataye ko sassan layi na iya taimakawa wajen jawo hankalin orioles zuwa gida a kusa. Ƙara itacen itace a cikin yadi shine wata hanya ta taimakawa wajen jawo hankalin wadannan tsuntsaye, musamman tare da cherries ko mulberries.
Duba yadda za a jawo hankalin Orioles don ƙarin bayani.
Ajiyewa:
Duk da yake ba a yi barazana ba ko kuma a haddasa su, yawancin al'ummarsu suna raguwa. Rashin haɗari, musamman ma a cikin yanayin hunturu, wata matsala ne mai ban mamaki, amma taimakawa da ƙwayar shade da kuma cakulan tsuntsaye na iya taimakawa wajen kiyaye wannan wurin. Rashin kwari na kwari a cikin 'ya'yan itace itace wani matsala, saboda yawancin kwari yana da muhimmanci ga kayan abinci da magungunan kashe qwari a kan' ya'yan itace zai iya haifar da guba maras kyau. A wasu yankuna, waɗannan tsuntsaye za a iya la'akari da mummunan ƙwayar gonaki kuma za'a iya tsananta musu.
Irin tsuntsaye kamar:
- Bullock's Oriole ( Icterus bullii )
- Orchard Oriole ( Icterus spurius )
- Audubon's Oriole ( Icterus graduacauda )
- Scott's Oriole ( Icterus parisorum )
- Kotun Tsibilanci ( Icterus icterus )
- Amurka Robin ( Turdus migratorius )