Strawberries suna da sauƙi a shuka 'ya'yan itace da zasu saka wa gonar gida tare da girbi mai yawa har shekaru masu yawa. Tare da sharaɗɗan sharaɗi, kowanne tsire-tsire ya kamata ya samar da kashi ɗaya daga cikin strawberries na kakar.
Zabi Strawberry Tsire-tsire
Akwai nau'ikan iri guda uku na tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire su zabi daga: Yuni na Yarda, Saurarwa, da Ranar Kwana. Tabbatar da cewa ku san abin da kuka dasa domin irin shuka zai ƙayyade lokacin da yawan ku girbe.
Yuni Yayinda kayan ado na strawberries sukan samar da iri daya, yawan amfanin gona a kowace shekara a lokacin makonni 2 zuwa 3 a cikin bazara. Masu saran Yuni sune tsire-tsire masu girma, suna samar da furanni da furanni da yawa. Mafi yawan 'ya'yan itatuwa ne daga Yuni masu nauyin iri. Ko da yake duk Yuni suna yayyafa 'ya'yan itace' ya'yan itace a cikin marigayi marigayi ko farkon lokacin rani, kusan a watan Yuni, akwai farkon, tsakiyar kakar da iri iri. Idan ka shuka wasu daga kowanne, zaka iya ƙara tsawon lokacin girbi ta 'yan makonni, a cikin Yuni, maimakon samun duk' ya'yan ku a yanzu.
Kada ku cigaba da ci gaba da yin 'ya'ya, kamar yadda sunansu zai nuna. Tsayawa da tsire-tsire suna bada nau'i biyu zuwa uku na 'ya'yan itace a lokacin bazara, bazara, da kuma fadi. Tsuntsaye masu tayar da hankali ba su aika da yawa masu gudu ba.
Ranar Kasashen waje masu ban sha'awa zasu samar da 'ya'yan itace a cikin kakar girma, amma a cikin karami fiye da Yuni suna tsayar da tsire-tsire.
Kamar sauran nau'ikan iri, waɗannan strawberries suna samar da 'yan masu gudu. Tsayayyar kwanciyar hankali da tsaka-tsakin rana ba su da kyau idan sarari ya iyakance kuma yana da tsawon lokaci na girbi, amma 'ya'yan itatuwa yawanci suna da ɗan ƙarami fiye da masu yin Yuni.
Inda zan Shuka Strawberries
Ƙididdiga na ainihi lokacin da gano wani takalma na strawberry sun hada da:
- Full rana
- Loam mai yalwataccen ruwan yashi tare da ƙasa mai pH daga 5.8 zuwa 6.2 shine manufa
- Kada ka shuka inda tumatir , dankali , barkono , ko eggplant sun girma kwanan nan saboda sune duk sunyi kama da Verticillium Rot
Shuka Tsire-tsire na Strawberry
Kuna iya shuka strawberries duk da haka kuna so, har ma a cikin kwantena, amma hanyoyi guda biyu, matakan layuka, da tuddai an tsara su a ƙasa. Duk abin da ka dasa shuki ka zaɓa, waɗannan dokoki sun shafi:
- Shuka a cikin bazara lokacin da ƙasa ta bushe don aiki , ko a ƙarshen fall.
- Tabbatar cewa kun ƙwace shuke-shuke marasa lafiya.
- Zaɓi tsire-tsire tare da manyan kambi da lafiya, asalinsu masu launin haske.
- Yi gyara ƙasa da 1 zuwa 2 inci na kwayoyin kwayoyin halitta kamar takin ko gurasar da aka yi.
- Ka ci gaba da cike da tsire-tsire da tsire-tsire.
- Yi rami mai girma don shimfidawa da asalinsu. Hill da tsakiyar tsakiyar rami kuma sanya kambi a sama da ƙasa.
- Rada tushen ƙasa a kan tudu.
- Cika rami, tabbatar da cewa kasar gona kawai ke da rabinway sama da kambi. Hannun da aka binne za su lalace.
Matted Row System (Mafi ga Yuni Yin Strawberries)
Tsarin tsarin jituwa yana aiki da kyau tare da tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire waɗanda suke tura masu yawa masu gudu. Ya kafa shuke-shuke 18 inci dabam a cikin layuka 24 inci, tare da 4 zuwa 4 1/2 feet tsakanin layuka.
Bar da flower buds za su fito fili jimawa bayan dasa. Kashe dukkan furanni a farkon shekara a cikin gonar, a kan Yuni jigilar iri, da kuma dukkan furanni da suke samarwa har sai Yuli na farko a kan wasu nau'ikan da suke shafewa da rana. Wannan zai karfafa dukkanin tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire da samar da masu gudu don su cika mat. Nunawa a cikin furanni na wannan shekara ba amfanin gona ba a wannan shekara amma amfanin gona mafi kyau a gaba shekara da shekaru masu yawa na samarwa.
Yayin da masu gudu suka fito daga rawanin kamfanonin, ka horar da su tare da jere, zangon su 6 zuwa 9 inci baya. Latsa mai gudu a hankali a cikin ƙasa, riƙe a wuri tare da dutsen ko rufe da kimanin 1/2 inch na ƙasa har sai siffofin asali. Kada ka yanke mai gudu daga mahaifa. Masu gudu zasu samar da mat.
Kamfanin Hill System for Day Neutral and Everbearing Strawberries
Tsakanin tsire-tsire masu tsayi da tsire-tsire na yau da kullum ba sa fitar da masu yawa masu gudu kuma a maimakon mayar da hankali ga makamashi a kan samar da girbi mai yawa.
Tsarin tsauni yana da mahimmanci gado mai kwalliya 8 inci high da 2 feet fadi. Ana fitar da tsire-tsire a cikin layuka guda biyu, kamar kimanin 12 inci dabam. Dole a cire dukkan masu gudu da furanni har zuwa Yuli na farko na shekara ta farko. Za a iya shuka tsire-tsire don samar da 'ya'yan itace. Yawancin girbi suna shawo kan tsire-tsire kuma kowace rana za a maye gurbin iri guda da tsaka-tsakin da za a dauka a kowane shekara 3 ko kuma duk lokacin da suke neman jinkirin ƙarfin hali.
Mulching Strawberry Bed
Tsaka tsakanin tsire-tsire bayan dasa shuki don kiyaye yanayin ƙasa mai sanyi, tsire-tsire, da kuma kiyaye 'ya'yan itace daga ƙasa. Straw shine gargajiya na strawberry mulch. Kada kayi amfani da filastik baƙar fata tun lokacin da zai tada ƙasa da zafin jiki da kuma samar da 'ya'yan itace mafi kyau duka yana bukatar ƙasa mai sanyi.
A cikin matsanancin yanayin zafi, tsire-tsire a tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire a hunturu zai hana rauni zuwa kambi. Jira har sai yawan zazzabi ya sauko zuwa 20 F kuma ya rufe tare da ingancin ingancin bambaro ko needles. Tabbatar amfani da ciyawa da za a iya cirewa a cikin bazara. Har yanzu, bambaro wani zaɓi ne mai kyau. Shredded ya fita yana aiki sosai.
Strawberry Water Bukatun
1 zuwa 2 inci na ruwa a kowace mako ana buƙata don 'ya'yan itatuwa masu ban sha'awa. Aiki na yau da kullum yana da mahimmanci yayin da 'ya'yan itace ke farawa, daga farkon kakar har zuwa karshen girbi.
Fertilizing Strawberries
- Fara tare da arziki, kwayoyin ƙasa. Aiwatar da taki mai kyau (10-10-10) a lokacin dasa shuki, a ma'auni na launi ɗaya ta 100 sq. Ft.
- Takin taki bayan sake gyaran masu jigilar Yuni ko girbi na biyu na tsaka-tsakin rana da kuma nau'ikan iri.
- Kada ku yi amfani da taki ko kuma kuna da tsire-tsire mai girma da girma da rashin talauci.
- Kada taki taki a farkon kakar wasa a cikin yanayi mai tsanani, don hana sabon ci gaban da za a lalace ta hanyar sanyi.
Girbi da Strawberries
Strawberries su ne mafi annashuwa lokacin da suke da cikakke a kan tsire-tsire. Ga mafi yawancin iri, wannan yana nufin barin berries a kan shuka don kwana ɗaya ko biyu bayan sun cika launin. Hanyar hanya ta san tabbas shine gwajin dandano.
Strawberries kurma sauƙi.
Yi tawali'u lokacin da ya janye su daga tsire-tsire. Gyare ko yanke da tushe kai tsaye sama da Berry maimakon ja a kan Berry kanta. Ka girbe berries a cikin sanyi, wuri mai duhu.
Maintenance: Ganawa da Yuni Yau Yayi Zama Strawberry Bed
Kwayoyin Strawberry ba su rayu har abada, amma wasu gyare-gyare zasu ci gaba dasu tsawon shekaru 5.
- Bayan girbi na ƙarshe, a yanka tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire zuwa tsayin 2 zuwa 3 inci, kula da kada ku lalata kambi.
- Ciyar da 5 lb. na daidaitattun (10-10-10) taki a kowace mita 100 na jere.
- Har zuwa yankin tsakanin layuka. Kada ka damu game da ciyawa, har ma haka ma.
- Yi nisa da nisa daga cikin layuka matuka zuwa 18 inci ta cire ɗaya gefen jere kuma barin ƙananan tsire-tsire.
- Yi amfani da sauran tsire-tsire a cikin layuka zuwa 6 zuwa 9 inci dabam.
- Lokacin da yawan amfanin ƙasa ya ga ya fadowa ko tsire-tsire ya fara raguwa, fara da sababbin shuke-shuke a sabon yanki.
Matsaloli masu Girma
Cututtuka: Mafi yawan cututtuka na strawberries sune: Verticillium Wilt, Botrytis (Rotary Rot) da Red Stele (Tushen Rot): Mafi kyawun kare shi ne zabi nau'in resistant kuma juya inda kake dasa su a cikin 'yan shekaru.
Insects: Tarnished Shuka Bug. Ciyar da tsire-tsire ta tsire-tsire na tarnished za ta haifar da lalacewar, nau'in nubby.
Dabbobi biyu da hudu: Tsuntsaye za su sami wasu daga cikin berries. Shuka fiye da yadda za ku buƙaci kuma ku rufe yankin tare da tsuntsaye .
Kuna buƙatar kare kwayoyinku daga mafi yawan rodents, zomaye, da deer. Dogaro da wasan wasan kwaikwayo ya kamata kiyaye mafi yawan su a bay. Kamar dai tabbatar da cewa ba su samu a karkashin netting da dine undercover.
Shawarar Strawberry iri
Kamar yadda yake tare da kowane tsire-tsire, sababbin iri iri suna gabatarwa kowace shekara. Kira sabis na Ƙarƙashin Kulawa na gida na irin itatuwan strawberry da girma da shawarar don yankinku na musamman. Da ke ƙasa akwai wasu abubuwa masu ban sha'awa da suka dace da shawarwari na Tsare-tsaren Kasuwanci wanda ya kamata a samuwa a gida ko ta hanyar kasida.
Day Neutral
- Hanya: Bred a California, tsabar teku tana aiki sosai a fadin kasar. Manya, 'ya'yan itatuwa masu kyau suna samarwa a ko'ina cikin kakar.
- Selva: Selva sananne ne a California da Florida inda ta samar da manyan berries. Ya nuna wasu nasara a cikin tsakiyar tsakiya amma ba dadi sosai ga gabas.
- Tribute da Tristar: Wadannan sune ka'idodin strawberries masu tsaka-tsakin rana. Mafi mashahuri a cikin arewa maso gabas da kuma yanayin sanyi. Cutar da cutar ta kasance mai tsanani da karfi tare da samar da kayan aiki mai kyau. Tsuntsaye yana da 'ya'ya mafi girma kuma Tristar ya lashe dandano.
Tsayar da kai
- Fort Laramie: Dabbobi iri iri da 'ya'yan itace mai kyau da gaske ke aikatawa. Kayan aikin Runner yana da kyau ne kawai idan an cire furanni na farko.
- Quinault: Wani mai sauri, 4 zuwa 5 makonni, tare da 'ya'yan itace mai kyau. Kusan ba wanda ya yi gudu ba, ana sanya shi mai kyau ga tukwane.
Yuni Yayinda aka fara kawo karshen lokacin rani da kuma iri iri ne muke tunanin lokacin da muke tunanin sabo ne. Akwai nau'o'in iri da za su zabi daga sabon sabbin kayan da ake ingantawa a kowace shekara.
Yuni Bearing Strawberries
- Allstar: A al'adun gargajiya iri-iri iri-iri tare da mai dadi, m dandano. Tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire da masu yawa masu gudu suna samar da yawan amfanin ƙasa. Yana yin kyau a cikin ƙasa mai nauyi kuma yana da tsayayyen ja zuwa stete da Verticillium Wilt.
- Annapolis: Wani dan wasa na kakar wasa tare da kyakkyawan dandano da manyan berries. Zai iya zama taushi a cikin rubutu. Tsire-tsire suna da matukar karfi, tare da masu gudu masu yawa. Tsayayya ga ja stele. Kyakkyawan zabi ga tsakiyar Atlantic.
- Brunswick: Mai cin ganyayyaki na kakar tare da dandano mai kyau, amma 'ya'yan itace na iya tattake sauƙi. Kyakkyawan amfanin ƙasa da tsire-tsire masu karfi. Flavor yayi kama da Honeoye, tare da manyan berries.
- Cabot: Ya samar da manyan, kodadde berries wanda zai iya zama wanda bai bi ka'ida ko doka ba a siffar. Ya fi son ƙasa mai arziki kuma yana da matukar damuwa zuwa ja amma yana mai saukin kamuwa da cutar launin toka da cutar cututtuka. Late kakar.
- Chandler: Gabatarwa na California wadda ta nuna wasu haɓakawa zuwa yankin gabas, musamman yankunan kudancin. Kyakkyawan 'ya'yan itace da' ya'yan itace masu yawa.
- Cornwallis: Tsaka-tsaka-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire waɗanda suke da dandano mai kyau da rubutu. Karfin da karfi tare da kuri'a masu yawa. Tsayayya ga ja stele.
- Cavendish: 'ya'yan itãcen marmari da kyau mai kyau. Ripens da rashin ƙarfi, musamman a lokacin yanayin zafi, kuma tsire-tsire ba su da karfi. Tsayayya ga ja stele da Verticillium Wilt. Mid-Season.
- Darselect: Mai tsaka-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsalle tare da dogon lokaci, kayan lambu masu ban sha'awa waɗanda ke dandana mai girma, amma zasu iya zama taushi a cikin rubutu. Very mai saukin kamuwa zuwa cututtuka na foliar.
- Delmarvel: Kyakkyawan dandano da rubutu da kyakkyawan juriya. Kyakkyawan zaɓi na tsakiyar kakar zabi tsakanin tsakiyar Atlantic da kudu. Babu wani sanyi mai wuya.
- Ƙararrawa: Farawa na Farko. Tabbatar da launi mai kyau da kuma dandano, amma girman yana raguwa daga baya a kakar. Ƙarin masu gudu. Tsayayya ga ja stele da Verticillium Wilt.
- Honeoye: A shahararrun shekaru-iri-iri iri-iri saboda yawan amfanin ƙasa da kuma manyan, m, berries. Daɗin dandano zai iya zama tart kuma baiyi kyau a ƙasa mai nauyi ba. Babu jurewa ko cutar jawo ko kuma Verticillium.
- Jewel A rare marigayi kakar iri-iri. 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari ne masu ƙarfi tare da dandano mai kyau. Matsayi mai yawa, kuma mai saukin kamuwa zuwa ja. Ana yin mafi kyau a yanayin dumi. Ya dace da ƙasa mai nauyi. Ya kyauta sosai.
- Kent: Abin dandano mai kyau da kuma yawan amfanin ƙasa, amma tsire-tsire suna raguwa da sauri, har tsawon shekaru biyu. Ba mai kyau ba ne don yanayin dumi, tun lokacin zafi yana iya sa fata ta kara. Babu tsayayya da ja ko steticillium kuma mai saukin kamuwa da cututtuka. Tsakanin tsakiyar.
- L'Amour: Gabatar da a 2004, L'Amour yana da kyakkyawan dandano da kuma texture, amma babu juriya ja stele ko Verticillium. Tsakanin tsakiyar.
- Lateglow: 'Ya'yan itãcen marmari suna da kyau mai kyau da kuma m rubutu. Tsire-tsire suna da ƙarfin gaske kuma suna yin mafi kyau a yanayin zafi. Kyakkyawar tsayayyar jigon ja da kuma Verticillium. Late kakar.
- Mesabi: An gina shi a Minnesota, Mesabi yana da kyakkyawar haƙuri mai sanyi. Yana da babban mai yawan amfanin ƙasa tare da mai kyau dandano, amma berries ba su adana sosai. Tsayayya ga ja stele kuma da ɗan resistant zuwa leaf tabo da powdery mildew .
- Mic Mac: Kamfanin kirki mai kyau, mai kyau dandanawa berries. Tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire da masu tsere masu yawa, amma ba juriya ko tsayi mai tsayi ko Verticillium. Late kakar.
- Mohawk: Ripens sosai da wuri. Kyakkyawan dandano. Yawan da ake samu sun fi girma a yanayin dumi. Tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire tare da kyakkyawan kayan aiki. Tsayayya ga ja stele da Verticillium Wilt.
- Northeaster: Mai girma wasan kwaikwayo na farko, musamman ga lambuna na Arewa maso gabas, amma irin abincin da aka yi a strawberry ba shine ga kowa ba. Kyakkyawan ƙasa mai nauyi kuma yana nuna wasu tsayayya da ja da kuma Verticillium.
- Sable: Tun kafin Earliglow kuma daidai a dandano. Texture yana da taushi kuma ya kamata a tsince shi kafin cin abinci. Mai saukin kamuwa zuwa farkon sanyi. Wasu juriya ga ja.
- Seneca: Wani nau'in yanayi mai tsaka-tsakin yanayi na zamani, wanda aka fi sani da Seneca sau da yawa a arewa maso gabas. Flavor ne m. Babu juriya ga ja ko steticillium.
- Sparkle: Babban dandano, amma texture zai iya zama taushi kuma yawan 'ya'yan itace ya rage zuwa ƙarshen kakar. Tsire-tsire masu tsire-tsire tare da masu gudu masu yawa da wasu juriya na ja. Late kakar.
- Sweet Charlie: Popular Florida iri-iri da kyau juriya da anthracnose 'ya'yan itace rot. Bred ga wani babban sukari da kuma 'ya'yan itace mai dadi ƙwarai.
- Veestar: Daban Kanada da ke da karfi da karfi, tare da dandano mai kyau da yawan amfanin ƙasa mai yawa, amma ba juriya ko ja-ja ko Verticillium Wilt. Farkon kakar.
- Winona: Wani gabatarwar Minnesota wanda yake nuna kyakkyawar haƙuri mai sanyi. A berries suna manya-manyan kuma kasance m. Tsire-tsire suna da karfi sosai tare da juriya ga ɓacin launin ja da kuma yawancin cututtuka na foliar.