Kalmar "tufafin tsabtace tsabtatawa" shi ne misnomer. Shirin ya ƙunshi tsaftace tufafi a cikin ƙwayoyin ruwa don cire ƙasa da stains.
Hanyar yin amfani da sinadarai maimakon ruwa don tsaftace tufafi ya fara tare da Romawa waɗanda suka yi amfani da ammonia distilled daga fitsari don wanke gashin woolen. Hanyar tsaftacewar bushewa ta samo asali daga cikin ƙarni har zuwa shekarun 1930 lokacin da adadin ƙwayoyin chlorinated, perchlorethylene, ya zama hanyar hanyar tsaftacewa.
Mafi yawan masu tsabta na bushe, kimanin kashi 80 cikin dari, suna amfani da ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar cuta ko "perc" a yau. Duk da haka, Hukumar Kula da Muhalli na {asar Amirka (EPA) ta yi la'akari da lafiyar lafiyar mu da muhalli. A shekarun 1990s Hukumar kare muhalli ta Amurka ta fara tsara tsarin tsaftace tsabtataccen bushewa da kuma karfafa masu tsabtace kasuwanni don amfani da tsararraki mai mahimmanci na yanayi. Wannan aikin ya sanya kalmar "Green Dry Cleaning".
Mene ne ake tsabtace Ganye?
Green bushe tsabtatawa yana nufin wani madadin bushe tsabtatawa hanyar da ba ya unsa ta amfani da perc. Ɗaya daga cikin tsabtataccen tsabtataccen tsabtatawa wanda shine mafi muni na launin gida. Sauran tsabtataccen tsabtataccen layi sun bi samfurori na samfurori amma amfani da carbon dioxide, hydrocarbon, ko masu tsabta na silicon a maimakon perc. Duk da haka, daga cikin nau'ukan guda huɗu na tsaftacewa mai tsaftacewa a Amurka, kawai ana ɗaukar nau'i biyu ne mai kyau ga yanayin da masu amfani.
Sun wanke tsabtataccen tsabtace ruwa da tsabtace murfin carbon dioxide. Idan kana neman mafi tsaftace tsabtace muhalli, tambayi mai tsabta na bushe wanda aka yi amfani dashi a cikin tsaftacewa.
Rufe Wet
Yin amfani da tsabtace ruwa yana amfani da ruwa da masu ƙera kayan aiki masu maƙami fiye da kayan wanki na gida don wanke tufafi.
Wet tsabta suna da masu amfani da na'ura masu kwakwalwa da kuma masu sassaka da mahimmancin sana'a, suma da kuma ƙare kayan aiki don sa tufafi suyi kyau. EPA ya dauka cewa daya daga cikin masu sana'ar tsabtace hanyoyin tsaro saboda babu "amfani da sinadarai masu guba, babu cutarwa masu guba, babu gurbatawar iska, kuma rage yiwuwar ruwa da kasa." An dauki karin kulawa kafin kuma bayan tsaftacewa don kula da stains tun da ba a amfani da sauran ƙarfi ba.
Liquid Carbon Dioxide Ana Sharewa
Carbon dioxide (CO2) tsaftace amfani da ruwa CO2 a matsayin tsaftacewa sauran ƙarfi tare da detergent. An kafa CO2 ta ruwa ta hanyar sanya gas marar furuwa da kuma rashin isasshen gas a ƙarƙashin matsin lamba. Liquid CO2 ba mai guba ba ne kuma ana amfani da ita don samar da carbonation zuwa abin sha mai laushi.
Ana sanya tufafi a cikin abin da ya zama mai tsabtace kayan gargajiyar gargajiya na al'ada kuma ana kwashe iska mai iska. Ana amfani da drum tsaftacewa tare da carbon dioxide a cikin gas da ruwa. Bayan an tsabtace tufafin, ana kwashe ruwa CO2 a cikin tank din da za a sake amfani dasu.
Tsarin shine, watakila, mafi kyau na yanayi saboda an kama CO2 a matsayin samfurin samfurori na masana'antu. Tun da kasa da kashi uku na CO2 da aka yi amfani da shi ya ɓace a cikin iska tare da kowane nauyin tufafi, tasirinsa a kan sauyawar duniya yana da kadan.
Tsarin yana amfani da žarfin wutar lantarki fiye da tsaftacewar gargajiya na gargajiya saboda babu wani sauran ƙarfi don zafi.
Yayin da CO2 yake faruwa a cikin yanayi kuma maras tsada, na'urorin tsaftacewa mai tsafta suna kimanin kusan $ 40,000 kowannensu yana sanya haɗin kuɗi don ƙananan ƙananan kasuwanni.
DF-2000 Hydrocarbon Solvent
Wasu masu tsafta suna inganta kansu a matsayin kore ta amfani da sauran kwayoyin "kwayoyin" da ake kira DF-2000. Wannan yaduwan abu ne mai hydrocarbon wanda dole ne a yi daga man fetur. Yin amfani da wadannan sunadarai ya kawo damuwa game da tsabtace muhalli game da gashin ganyayyaki.
Ƙididdigar Silicon Based
Wasu tsabta suna amfani da hanyar GreenEarth tsaftacewa don maye gurbin perc. GreenEarth yana daɗaɗa yashi (SiO2). Yana aiki ne a matsayin ƙwayoyin maɓalli na Silicon da ake kira siloxane ko D-5. Siloxane yayi kama da wasu daga cikin sinadaran da ake amfani dasu a cikin gashi da kuma deodorant.
Lokacin da aka watsar da GreenEarth, sai ya rushe cikin yashi, ruwa, da carbon dioxide.
Gaskiya ita ce babu wata sunadarai da ke taɓa tufafinka. Duk da haka, aikin yin siloxane yana amfani da chlorine, wanda ke haifar da carcinogenic dioxin a lokacin aikin sarrafawa.
Future na Gishiri mai tsabta
Jihar California tana jagorancin hanyar zuwa tsabtataccen busasshen korera ta hanyar yin amfani da kullun ta hanyar 2023. Jihar na ba da kyauta ga masu tsabta da ke canzawa daga perc zuwa CO2 ko tsabtace tsafta. Wasu jihohi suna la'akari da irin wannan doka. Binciken masu tsabta a bushe a yankinku da yin amfani da tsabtataccen tsabtace tsaftace da tsaftace ƙarancin carbon dioxide.