Ayyukan tsarin kula da kwandishan gida suna nunawa ga yawancin mu. Furnaces suna da sauƙin fahimta-suna zafi da iska kuma suna busa da shi a kusa da gidanka a cikin ductwork. Boilers suna yin ruwan zafi ko tururi kuma suna motsa shi a kusa da gidanka a cikin bututu. Amma ta yaya tsarin tsarin iska yayi sanyi mai sanyi, iska mai lalacewa a lokacin kare kwanakin rani? Don fahimtar ta, dole ne ka koma zuwa ka'ida da ka iya koyi a wata makaranta ko kwalejin ilimin lissafi: tsarin da kowace gas ta sanka kamar yadda ya fadada.
Ƙungiyoyin
Idan kana tsammani wasu sauƙaƙe, zaku iya tunanin wani kwandishan a matsayin injin da ke dauke da zafi daga gidanku kuma ya ƙetare ta waje ta hanyar amfani da sassa biyar masu dangantaka:
- Refrigerant
- Compressor
- Condenser
- Ƙara Fadarwa
- Mawallafi mai tsabta
Akwai wasu nau'o'in tsarin kwandishan da za'a iya amfani dashi a cikin gida, ciki har da sassan launi, masu kwakwalwa masu kwakwalwa, masu kwakwalwa maras kyau, da kuma yanayin iska mai kwakwalwa. Duk da bambancin su, duk da haka, ilimin kimiyya na yadda suke aiki yana da iri daya, kuma dukansu suna amfani da tsari na friji na kai tsaye. Ainihin, wannan yana aiki sosai kamar firiji na gida.
Refrigerant
Jirgin ruwan sanyi shine "jini" yana yin famfo ta hanyar kwantar da hanyoyi a cikin tsarin kwandishan. Yana canza yanayin daga tururuwan gas zuwa ruwa yayin da yake tattara zafi daga gidanka kuma yana ƙin zafi a waje. Mai shayarwa abu ne mai mahimmanci a cikin cewa yana da matsala mai zafi.
Wannan yana nufin cewa yana canzawa daga ruwa zuwa tururi a yanayin zafi mara kyau. Wannan mahimmanci ne don yin amfani da yanayin kwantar da hankali cikin rashin lafiya ba tare da samar da yanayin zafi ba.
Compressor
Ka yi tunani game da compressor a matsayin "zuciya" na tsarin, yin amfani da firiji ta duk kayan gyaffan firi a cikin babban jan madauri.
Refrigerant ya shiga cikin compressor a matsayin mai ƙananan ƙarancin tururuwa kuma ya bar shi a matsayin babban tururi.
Condenser
Daga compressor, zafi mai tsinjin zafi yana motsawa ga mahaɗin. A nan, ana yin sanyaya da tururi mai zafi mai zafi mai zafi kamar yadda yake wucewa ta hanyar motsa jiki. Gilashin suna da ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan ƙananan (kamar tsarin da ke gaba da mota mota) wanda ke yin tasirin zafi. Mai kwakwalwa yana motsa iska a kan ƙananan motsawa na kwantar da hanzari a cikin murfin. (Yin amfani da tsutsawa a lokacin da ake aiki na yau da kullum yana taimaka wa waɗannan ƙa'idodi a siffarsa.) Yayinda mai shayarwa yana sanyaya, yana canza yanayin daga wani tudu mai zafi zuwa ruwa mai zafi a babban matsin kuma yana motsawa akan fadada fadada. Ƙwararraji, nauyin kwance-kwance, da kuma fan zane-zane duk suna samuwa da babban akwati mai kwakwalwa a cikin bayan ku, wadda ake kira da ƙungiyar motsa jiki.
Ƙara Fadarwa
Ƙararrawar fadada ita ce abin da gaske yake aikin sanyaya. Yayinda ruwan sanyi mai zafi ya wuce ta wurin bude wani abu mai zurfi a matsin lamba a cikin bawul din a gefe guda, yana fitowa a matsayin wani sanyi mai sauƙi a wani gefe. Wannan shi ne sakamakon wani abu na asali na gases: kamar yadda gas yake fadada, yana sanyaya. Jirgin iska ba komai bane illa na'urar da aka tsara don tilasta gashin firiji don fadadawa, wannan shine abin da ke haifar da ikon kwantar da iska.
Mawallafi mai tsabta
Ruwan ruwan sanyi mai sauƙi wanda ke barin fasalin fadada yana gudana ta hanyar daɗaɗɗen iska da ke cikin tarin wutar ka. (Jumlar ita ce babban akwati tsakanin wutar lantarki da ductwork.) A nan, iska mai zafi na gidanka tana bugun jini a fadin mai kwashewa kuma yana kwantar da shi, yayin da yake dauke da sanyi, wutar lantarki ta fadada ta iska tana hurawa a fadin jirgin sama, kuma iska mai sanyaya ta yada ta hanyar aikin ductwork. Yayinda mai firiji ya warke, yana fara tafasa kuma ya canza daga ruwa mai sanyi zuwa dumi mai zafi (tsari na evaporation). Sulusi mai firi sai yayi tafiya zuwa ga compressor da ɗakin motsa jiki na waje, kuma hawan motsi yana cigaba.