01 na 07
Design Geek: Juju Hats
Kronbali Menene aka kira shi? Juju (Joo-Joo) ko Tyn (sunan tin)
Daga ina? Bamileke mutanen Kamaru
Wanene ya samu? La Aviva Home, Kronbali
02 na 07
Design Geek: Juju Hats
Muna da wadata Idan akwai wani kayan ado na gida wanda sunansa a cikin 'yan shekarun nan ya zama daidai da tsarin duniya, shi ne hoton Juju na Kamaru. Kodayake magunguna masu banƙyama da launuka masu launin fata sun kasance suna nufin ado da mutane, maimakon ɗakuna, kwanan nan ana ganin babu wani ɗakin da yake cikakke ba tare da akalla ɗaya daga cikin waɗannan ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙafu a kan bango ba. Duk da haka, yayinda yakin Juju na gani ne akan ganuwar da yawa na zamani, ga mutanen Bamileke na Yammacin Kamaru sun kasance wani abu ne wanda ba'a iya ajiyewa ba kawai ga 'yan kaɗan.
03 of 07
Design Geek: Juju Hats
Littafin Marion Duk wani nazari na al'adun Afirka ya kasance cikin matsalar matsala. Sau da yawa sunayen da ake amfani da su zuwa ga al'adun Afirka sun fito ne daga wajen ƙungiyar ana kiran su, kuma an yi amfani dasu don ganewa, a matsayin ɗaya, ƙungiyoyi masu yawa waɗanda suke tunanin kansu a matsayin keɓance (duba rubutun Design Geek na baya akan Berber da Kuba kayan al'adu). A sakamakon haka, sunayen da aka la'akari da daidaituwa ba su da wani mahimmanci ga mutanen da suke nufin su bayyana, kuma ba sunayen da mutane suke amfani da su ba wajen komawa kansu. Irin wannan shine batun tare da sunan "Bamileke". Kalmar tana nufin tattarawa a ko'ina daga ƙananan sittin da ɗari ɗaya ƙungiyoyi masu rarraba wanda aka ɗauka a haɗe, bisa ga harsunansu wanda ke da alaƙa amma ba kamar (1) ba. Ƙungiyar harshe Bamileke tana da harsuna goma sha ɗaya, kowannensu ya rushe zuwa harsuna yankuna daban-daban (2). Harsunan Bamileke, wadanda suka kunshi Ghomala ', Feffe', Kwa ', Medumba, Motoka, Nda'nda', Ngiemboon, Ngomba, Ngombale, Ngwe, Yemba da harsunan su (3) suna yadawa a kan yawan mutane 2.1 miliyan (4) zuwa miliyan 3 (5) zuwa kusan mutane 8 (6), dangane da tushen ku
04 of 07
Design Geek: Juju Hats
Alain Denis Ma'anar yin suna ba ya ƙare tare da mutane duk da haka. Koda sassa na al'adun da ke tafiya a duniya zasu iya samun kansu a karkashin sunan da aka zaba. Ya kamata ba mamaki bane cewa "Juju" ba kalmar da aka fara amfani da su ba don bayyana fasalin Kamaru, kuma ba a samo asali a kowane harshen Bamileke ba. Wadannan ra'ayoyin biyu game da ma'anar kalma "Juju" sunyi la'akari da cewa akwai wasu kalmomi na "djudju", wanda Hausa na arewacin Najeriya yayi amfani da shi na ruhun ruhu (7) ko kuma daga 'yar wasan Faransa' 'wasajou' ', ma'anar kullun ko abun wasa (8). Shekaru da dama kalma ta zama mai ban sha'awa da tafiya mai kyau, ana amfani da shi don bayyana duk abin da ke taba taba (ibid.) Zuwa wani nau'i mai suna (music) na Najeriya (9). Daga lokacin da aka fara amfani da shi a farkon karni na 17, Juju ya zama sananne a cikin kasashen Turai domin ya shafi addinin Afirika ta Yamma da magungunansu wadanda ake kira Juju maza. Mai yiwuwa mai lura da hankali ya sa wadanda suke ɗaukar wa] annan hatsin don irin wa] annan masu warkarwa kuma suna amfani da sunan da muka sani a yanzu game da wa] annan kayayyakin da Bamileke ke kira "Tyn" (10).
05 of 07
Design Geek: Juju Hats
Hoa-Qui Duk da yawancin harsuna da adadin al'ummomin da suka bambanta suna da alaƙa da yawa a cikin ƙungiyoyin Bamileke. Ɗaya daga cikinsu shine ƙungiyar siyasa. Kowane mallaka Bamileke yana jagorancin shugaba ko sarki da ake kira "Fon" (11). Sarki ya halarci wani kwamiti na mutum takwas da ake kira "Mkem" ko "ƙungiyar masu mallakar hakkoki" (12). Kowane mutum na wannan majalisa an san cewa ya kawo wadata da kuma bambanci ga jiharsa da kuma kowane aiki a matsayin shugaban wani al'umma da aka yi wa wasu ayyuka a cikin mulkin. Irin wannan nauyin na iya zama soja, tattalin arziki, doka ko dai. A kowace shekara biyu Mkem ke gudanar da tarurruka na musamman inda aka nuna dukiyar sarki. A wa] annan tarurruka, mambobi ne na Mkem da mabiyansu, don masoya masu dacewa da jama'arsu. Mafi girma daga cikin wadannan, giwaye da leopard masks, an ajiye ne kawai ga sarki da kuma mambobi na Kuosi da Kemdje, duka al'ummomin dakarun. Ya kasance tare da waɗannan masks cewa Tyn ko "Juju hatsi" sun fi yawan gani, ko da yake wasu lokuta suna sawa kadai (13).
06 of 07
Design Geek: Juju Hats
Delcampe Kamar yawancin kayayyakin Bamileke, ana sanya T2 kayan musamman don amfani a bukukuwan sarauta ko tarurruka (14). Bugu da ƙari ga taron bi-shekara na Mkem, waɗannan lokuta na iya faruwa a kan mutuwar wani sarki ko wani dan kasada mai zaman kanta a cikin ɗayan takwas (dukansu dukiya ne). An gina hat ɗin kanta daga raffia wanda aka saka don ƙirƙirar tsari. Daga baya, gashin gashin da aka cire daga kaza, tsuntsaye ko tsuntsaye mai haɗari sun mutu kuma a haɗe su zuwa tushe. Ana amfani da madauri na fata wanda aka haɗe zuwa baya don cire hat a bude zuwa cikakkenta. Girman huluna ya bambanta, musamman daga waɗanda aka sanya don fitarwa da amfani a kayan ado na gida. Duk da haka diamita na hatin Tyn na gargajiya yana iya zama kusan 31.5 inci ko 80 cm (15). Lokacin da ba a amfani da shi ba, hat ɗin ya shiga cikin kullun da za a iya sarrafawa wanda ba kawai yana taimakawa tare da ajiya ba kuma yana aiki don kare gashin gashin a cikin harsashi na tsarin tsarin raffia (ibid.).
07 of 07
Design Geek: Juju Hats
Pinterest Bamileke na Cameroon ne mutanen da suke da juna da kuma rabawa, irinsu da kuma bambanta. Kamar al'adu da yawa na Afirka sun tsira daga haɗin ƙasarsu ta Jamus a ƙarshen karni na 19 kawai don ganin wannan aikin ya ƙare a hannun Faransa da Birtaniya a farkon 20th (16). Ko da yake shekaru da yawa na gwagwarmayar neman 'yancin kai daga mulkin Faransa da na Birtaniya ya ba da alama a kan mutane da al'amuransu, yawancin al'amuran Bamileke sun kasance a cikin mahimmanci, wanda aka tsara daga tsara zuwa tsara a matsayin tushen asalin al'adu da kuma girman tarihi. Haɗakar ƙarfin, kyawawan dabi'un da dukiya da kaddamar da ka'idodin sarauta na Bamileke sun kasance a cikin rawanin gilashi mai ban sha'awa waɗanda yau suna ado ɗakunan a fadin duniya - suna ba kowa kima daga cikin girma wanda ya kasance lardin mayaƙa da sarakuna guda ɗaya. .