Iron abu ne mai launin launin fata / azurfa wanda ya kasance shekaru dubban shekaru. Yana da yalwar samuwa, mai karfi da kuma sauƙi don aiki tare da lokacin da aka jefa a cikin ruwa ko kuma aiki (aiki) tare da kayan aikin. Abun mafi girma na ƙarfe shi ne cewa zai iya sauri tsatsa. Don hana wannan, ƙarfe ko ƙarfe za a iya samuwa tare da zinc shafi ko fentin.
Tarihin Binciken Tarihin Iron
Iron shine nau'i na hudu mafi yawan gaske kuma ya sanya sama da kashi 5 cikin nau'in ɓawon duniya.
Ya wanzu ta halitta a cikin baƙin ƙarfe (wani lokaci ana kira ironstone). Tun da ƙarfe yana da dangantaka mai karfi ga oxygen, ƙarfe baƙin ƙarfe ne na baƙin ƙarfe; Har ila yau, ya ƙunshi nau'o'in nau'i na wasu abubuwa kamar silicon, sulfur, manganese, da phosphorus.
Kusawa shine tsari wanda aka samo baƙin ƙarfe daga baƙin ƙarfe. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da iron baƙin ƙarfe a cikin wuta mai gaura, ƙarfin baƙin ƙarfe zai fara sakin oxygen, wanda ya hada da carbon monoxide don samar da carbon dioxide. Wanne siffofi ne mai laushi, mai laushi na baƙin ƙarfe mai ƙaƙƙarƙi, wanda aka haɗa tare da raguwa na gawayi da kuma wani abu wanda aka kwantar da shi daga ƙarancin, wanda ake kira slag. Ginin wannan ƙarfe na baƙin ƙarfe ya kasance har zuwa lokacin da mawaki suka samo: za su cire wannan farfajiyar daga cikin tanderun da kuma guduma shi a kan wani katako don cire kayan sintiri da sarƙa da kuma kara karamin ƙwayoyi. An san wannan tsari ne kamar ƙarfe mai ƙarfe. Gwargwadon ƙarfe ya ƙunshi game da .02 zuwa .08 bisa dari carbon (tunawa daga gawayi) - isa ya sa karfe da karfi da kuma malleable.
Rashin ƙarfe shi ne mafi yawan kayan da aka samar da ita ta hanyar yawancin Iron Age. A matsanancin yanayin zafi, canjin canjin ya faru: ƙarfin ƙarfe yana karban carbon kuma yana fara narkewa, tun da yawancin carbon abun ciki yana rage maɓallin narkewar baƙin ƙarfe. Menene sakamakon da aka jefa baƙin ƙarfe, wanda ya ƙunshi daga 3 zuwa 4.5 bisa dari carbon.
Wannan babban rabo na carbon sa jefa ƙarfe ƙarfe da gaggauta; mai yiwuwa ya fadi ko ya ragargaje idan ya fadi ko ya yi karfi, kuma baza a iya ƙirƙira shi (wato, mai tsanani da kuma siffar ta hammering) a kowane zazzabi.
A ƙarshen tsakiyar zamanai, masu amfani da baƙin ƙarfe na Turai sun yi aiki tare da fure-fure, tsaka-tsalle mai kama da tsawa kamar yadda iska ta tasowa ta hanyar juyawa da kwakwalwan gawayi, hawaye da iron baƙin ƙarfe. Molten simintin gyare-gyaren zai zama kai tsaye daga tushe daga cikin tanderun gagarumar wuta a cikin yashi na yashi wanda ya ciyar da ƙananan ƙananan kwalliya. Wannan tsari yana kama da wata shuka da ke hayar dabbarta, kuma ana jefa baƙin ƙarfe a wannan hanya ya zama alamar alade. Ana iya jefa simintin gyare-gyare a cikin ƙirar wuta a cikin tanderun gagarumar wuta ko kuma an cire shi daga alade na baƙin ƙarfe don yin tukunyar baƙin ƙarfe, tukwane, pans, kayan wuta, cannon, kwallun canon ko karrarawa ("jefa" yana nufin a zuba a cikin wani mota). Ana kuma kira simintin gyaran kafa kuma an yi-kun gane shi-a cikin wani asali.
Tsarin Gudanarwa
Komawa hanya ce ta canza tubar alade a cikin ƙarfe mai ƙarfe ta hanyar yada shi zuwa zafi da kuma motsawa a cikin tanderun wuta a gaban abubuwan da suke shayarwa. Henry Cort ya samo asali a 1784 (wanda ya fi dacewa da tsari), ita ce hanya ta farko da ta bari ƙarfin ƙarfe ya kasance a cikin babban sikelin.
Mene ne Bambanci tsakanin Iron da Karfe?
A gaskiya, ƙarfe shine ƙarfe da aka yi da wuya tare da haɓakar carbon. Ginin da aka yi da karfe a karni na 19 ya sanya dukkan wadannan gwanayen jirgin ruwa da kuma hanyoyin gyare-gyare.
Ta Yaya Zan iya Faɗawa Idan An Aikata Iron da Ba a Gudu ba?
Kyakkyawan tambaya. Don masu farawa, simintin ƙarfe yana da nauyi. Rashin baƙin ƙarfe ya fi ƙarfin kuma yana ɗaukan karin hanyoyi da masu juyawa. Yana iya yin ƙarin saboda rashin daidaituwa. An yi amfani da baƙin ƙarfe don yin gyare-gyare ko tanƙwara ko weld. Sanya baƙin ƙarfe yana da rauni kuma yana iya rarraba, yayin da ƙarfe mai ƙarfe ya fi ƙarfin maimakon ya karya. Ana ganin baƙin ƙarfe ya fi sauƙi ga weld fiye da jefa ƙarfe.
Gidan Abincin Gidan Jiki
Misali na farkon karni na karni na 19 na kayan lambu da aka yi da ƙarfe mai ƙarfe za'a iya gani a cikin Al'ummar Daga Aljannar Alistair Morris (Garden Art Press; 1996) *.
Yawanci yawancin benci ne da wuraren da aka yi wa sassan, wasu suna da kullun ƙafa da ƙuƙwalwa, sau da yawa suna da damuwa, sunyi kullun ko sun sake komawa baya a cikin sassan irin su Regency (ba Hollywood Regency, wanda ya bi bayan fiye da karni daya), Sheraton da Faransanci. Ma'aikata na farkon shekarun 1800 sun yi kayan lambu na baƙin ƙarfe da suka hada da Brown & Freet, Stourbridge; Barnard Bishop & Barnards da Norwich Iron Works.
Tsunin Renaissance na Iron Ruwa na Midcentury
Kamar gidaje da kuma game da duk wani abu, buƙatar kayan ado na katako a bayan yakin duniya na biyu, lokacin da sojoji suka dawo, suka fara iyalansu da sayi gidajensu a unguwannin gari. Ya kasance wani ɓangare na sabon Mafarki na Amurka. Masu sana'a na kayan lambu masu kayan lambu masu ƙarfe daga karni na 20 sun hada da Woodard, Salterini, Homecrest, Jordan Jordan da Tropitone.
To, Mene ne Rod Rod ?
Wataƙila ka zo a fadin nassoshin "sandar ƙarfe" har ma da "rot iron" kayan ado na kayan ado yayin da ake yin shafukan yanar gizo kamar eBay da Craigslist na kayan lambu na kayan lambu. Babu wani irin abu kamar sandan ƙarfe. Kuma baƙin ƙarfe ba ya lalacewa. Gaskiya ne, za ku iya lanƙara sandan ƙarfe kuma ku juya da shi a cikin kayan aiki, amma wannan ba shine abin da muke magana game da nan ba. Kuma da kyau, to kina so wani abu ya juya a kan gidanka ko a cikin yadi?